Research and Analysis of Special Conductive Fibers for Antistatic Clothing
The reason why anti-static clothing can have the function of electrostatic protection is mainly the use of special fabrics embedded with conductive fibers. This fabric is called anti-static fabric, commonly known as conductive silk.
Conductive fiber is a key raw material in anti-static fabrics, its performance is good or bad, on the one hand determines the anti-static performance of the fabric, on the other hand is also related to the amount of fabric dust. The development of conductive fibers has so far gone through three stages:
The first stage is the metal fiber stage. The metal fiber has good electrical conductivity, heat resistance and chemical corrosion resistance. But for textiles, metal fibers have low cohesion, poor textile performance, poor coloring of finished products, and poor hand feel. Therefore, they are only suitable for weaving into T / C fabrics and are used for work in flammable and explosive industries such as oil fields and chemical plants.
The second stage is the surface carburized organic conductive fiber, its representative product is BASF company Resista. The conductive carbon powder is added to the surface of the formed nylon by surface carburizing. Its characteristic is that the surface resistance is relatively low. The single conductive carbon powder is easily affected by friction and washing and falls off the nylon surface, thereby making the fabric conductive Performance gradually decreases. At the same time, the conductive carbon powder falling off is not only dust in the clean room, but also can cause harm to electronic products.
The third stage is composite spinning type organic conductive fiber (second generation organic conductive fiber), its representative product is Belltron of Japan Bell Textile Company, especially 9R and BR series newly developed by Bell Textile Company. The composite spinning type organic conductive fiber is fully mixed with conductive carbon powder and molten matrix material, and then combined with the matrix material into fibers through a special spinneret to form a two-component conductive fiber. Its product characteristics are that it will not cause carbon particles to fall off due to friction and washing, and has good performances such as washing resistance, bending resistance, and wear resistance.
At present, most of the domestic anti-static fabrics are selected from BASF's Resistat, but in the clean environment above Class10000, carburized fibers are not applicable, and only composite spinning conductive fibers can be used. If it is also a composite spinning type conductive fiber, compare its organizational structure, carbon and matrix materials are melt-mixed and completely coated with fiber outer layer (such as Kanebo Belltron 9R1, BR1) conductive fiber, because it has the largest conductive surface area, It has the best conductivity and should be the first choice for anti-static fabrics. In addition, the number of holes (D number) of conductive fibers and the parallel processing of conductive fibers also have a great influence on the performance of conductive fibers. For conductive fibers of the same structure, the more holes, the larger the conductive surface area and the stronger the conductive performance. The same conductive fiber is compounded (parallel wire) on different equipment, and the effect is different. Under high magnification, we can see that some anti-static ultra-clean fabrics have conductive wires floating on the surface of the fabric, which is caused by uneven tension control when the conductive wires are compounded. The conductive wire floating on the surface is easy to be cut off, and then it will fall off from the fabric, which affects the conductive performance and destroys the cleanliness. Therefore, as far as possible, choose the original conductive fiber.